Macrophage metabolites controlling epithelial colon homeostasis


The aim of this sub-project is to understand how macrophage-secreted metabolites may act as general signals as well as nutrients for neighboring cells to maintain tissue function and control immune responses. We would like to characterize the global secretome of different macrophage populations and understand how they contribute to tissue and immune function in the intestine, and the liver. We are using different genetic models as well as organoids to understand their impact in colitis, colitis-associated cancer, liver regeneration, metabolic liver diseases, or the composition of the microbiome (together with C. Moissl-Eichinger, G. Schabbauer and M. Schweiger, O. Sharif, A. Miller) and colon organoids (G. Egger). We will investigate whether modulation of different enzymes that produce these metabolites in macrophages can have a beneficial effects during these diseases in a sex-specific manner (with G. Egger, A. Haschemi, G. Schabbauer, C. Moissl-Eichinger). We plan to deeply characterize the function of specific metabolites with potential novel nutritive and immunoregulatory functions. These metabolites or targeting their enzymes might be used to beneficially influence inflammatory disease.

Thomas Weichhart

Medical University of Vienna
Center for Pathobiochemistry & Genetics
Währingerstraße 10
1090 Vienna

[email protected]

https://www.weichhart-lab.com/


Project Members

Connor Jankowski
Postdoc
SFB Member

Paul Ettel
MD-PhD Student
SFB Member

Alishan Sahu
PhD Student
SFB Member


Research Publications

LAT1-NRF2 axis controls sFlt-1/PlGF imbalance and oxidative stress in preeclampsia. Granitzer S, Widhalm R, Ellinger I, Zeisler H, Forsthuber M, Foessleitner P, Geschrey E, Saleh L, Knöfler M, Desoye G, Ettel P, Weichhart T, Musiejovsky L, Schabbauer G, Salzer H, Rosner M, Hengstschläger M, Gundacker C. Nat Commun 2025 Oct 14;16(1):9112 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-64160-0 

 

Proteomic and metabolomic profiling of extracellular vesicles produced by human gut archaea. Weinberger V, Darnhofer B, Thapa HB, Mertelj P, Stentz R, Jones E, Grabmann G, Mohammadzadeh R, Shinde T, Karner C, Ober J, Juodeikis R, Pernitsch D, Hingerl K, Zurabishvili T, Kumpitsch C, Kuehnast T, Rinner B, Strohmaier H, Kolb D, Gotts K, Weichhart T, Köcher T, Köfeler H, Carding SR, Schild S, Moissl-Eichinger C. Nat Commun 2025 Jun 3;16(1):5094. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60271-w

 

The power of trapped ion mobility for isotope tracer experiments. K Preindl, C Chen, S Murthy, F Gruber, C Freystätter, T Weichhart, T Stimpfl, B Reiter, A Haschemi, G Koellensperger. Anal Chim Acta 2025:344005. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aca.2025.344005

 

Particle uptake by macrophages triggers bifurcated transcriptional pathways that differentially regulate inflammation and lysosomal gene expression. Cobo I, Murillo J, Alishala M, Calderon S, Coras R, Hemming B, Inkum F, Rosas F, Takei R, Spann N, Prohaska TA, Alabarse PVG, Jeong SJ, Nickl CK, Cheng A, Li B, Vogel A, Weichhart T, Fuster JJ, Le T, Bradstreet TR, Webber AM, Edelson BT, Razani B, Ebert BL, Taneja R, Terkeltaub R, Bryan RL, Guma M, Glass CK. Immunity 2025 Mar 19:S1074-7613(25)00090-1. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2025.02.023

 

MIP-3-Alpha and MIP-3-Beta as Early Predictors of Pneumonia in Polytraumatized Patients Wollner G, Hruska F, Ettel P, Weichhart T, Koenig FRM, Negrin LL. Lung 2025 Mar 13;203(1):44. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00408-025-00799-2

 

Limited Alleviation of Lysosomal Acid Lipase Deficiency by Deletion of Matrix Metalloproteinase 12. Buerger M, Amor M, Akhmetshina A, Bianco V, Perfler B, Zebisch A, Weichhart T, Kratky D. Int J Mol Sci 2024 Oct 13;25(20):11001. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms252011001

 

Differential regulation of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 in cancer cells. Beikbaghban T, Proietti L, Ebner J, Sango R, Rattei T, Weichhart T, Grebien F, Sternberg F, Pohl EE. Biochim Biophys Acta Bioenerg 2024 Jul 8:149486. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbabio.2024.149486 PMID:38986826

Targeting PHGDH reverses the immunosuppressive phenotype of tumor-associated macrophages through α-ketoglutarate and mTORC1 signaling. Cai Z, Li W, Hager S, Wilson JL, Afjehi-Sadat L, Heiss EH, Weichhart T, Heffeter P, Weckwerth W. Cell Mol Immunol 2024 Feb 27. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41423-024-01134-0

 

Aberrant Lipid Metabolism in Macrophages Is Associated with Granuloma Formation in Sarcoidosis. Lim CX, Redl A, Kleissl L, Pandey RV, Mayerhofer C, El Jammal T, Mazic M, Gonzales K, Sukhbaatar N, Krausgruber T, Bock C, Hengstschläger M, Calender A, Pacheco Y, Stary G, Weichhart T. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2024 Feb 14. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.202307-1273OC.

 

Efficacy and safety of mTOR inhibition in cutaneous sarcoidosis: a single-centre trial. Redl A, Doberer K, Unterluggauer L, Kleissl L, Krall C, Mayerhofer C, Reininger B, Stary V, Zila N, Weninger W, Weichhart T, Bock C, Krausgruber T, Stary G. Lancet Rheumatol 2024 Feb;6(2):e81-e91. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2665-9913(23)00302-8.

 

Metabolic support by macrophages sustains colonic epithelial homeostasis. Fritsch SD, Sukhbaatar N, Gonzales K, Sahu A, Tran L, Vogel A, Mazic M, Wilson JL, Forisch S, Mayr H, Oberle R, Weiszmann J, Brenner M, Vanhoutte R, Hofmann M, Pirnes-Karhu S, Magnes C, Kühnast T, Weckwerth W, Bock C, Klavins K, Hengstschläger M, Moissl-Eichinger C, Schabbauer G, Egger G, Pirinen E, Verhelst SHL, Weichhart T. Cell Metabolism 2023 Sep 29:S1550-4131(23)00341-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2023.09.010

 

SHP2 promotes sarcoidosis severity by inhibiting SKP2-targeted ubiquitination of TBET in CD8+ T cells. Celada SI, Lim CX, Carisey AF, Ochsner SA, Arce Deza CF, Rexie P, Poli De Frias F, Cardenas-Castillo R, Polverino F, Hengstschläger M, Tsoyi K, McKenna NJ, Kheradmand F, Weichhart T, Rosas IO, Van Kaer L, Celada LJ. Sci Transl Med 2023 Sep 13;15(713):eade2581. https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.ade2581

 

Duodenal macrophages control dietary iron absorption via local degradation of transferrin. Sukhbaatar N, Schöller M, Fritsch SD, Linke M, Horer S, Träger M, Mazic M, Forisch S, Gonzales K, Kahler JP, Binder C, Lassnig C, Strobl B, Mueller M, Scheiber-Mojdehkar B, Gundacker C, Dabsch S, Kain R, Hengstschläger M, Verhelst S, Weiss G, Theurl I, Weichhart T. Blood 2023 Apr 5:blood.2022016632. https://doi.org/10.1182/blood.2022016632

 

Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveal aberrant lymphoid developmental programs driving granuloma formation. Krausgruber T, Redl A, Barreca D, Doberer K, Romanovskaia D, Dobnikar L, Guarini M, Unterluggauer L, Kleissl L, Atzmüller D, Mayerhofer C, Kopf A, Saluzzo S, Lim CX, Rexie P, Weichhart T, Bock C, Stary G. Immunity 2023 Feb 6:S1074-7613(23)00024-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2023.01.014

 

Leveraging macrophage metabolism for anticancer therapy: opportunities and pitfalls. Saha P, Ettel P, Weichhart T. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2024 Mar 16:S0165-6147(24)00045-2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tips.2024.02.005

 

Not just sugar: Metabolic control of neutrophil development and effector functions. Ettel P, Weichhart T. J Leukoc Biol 2024 Mar 7:qiae057. https://doi.org/10.1093/jleuko/qiae057

 

Tissue-resident macrophages - early passengers or drivers in the tumor niche? Vogel A, Weichhart T. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2023 Oct;83:102984.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2023.102984.

A Special Research Program funded by the Austrian Science Fund 2021-2029

Währingerstraße 10
1090 Vienna, Austria
[email protected]
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